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김점숙 ( Kim Jeom-Sook ) - 대구 공산 초등학교
박정한 ( Park Jung-Han ) - 대구효성가톨릭대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실
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Abstract
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-서론-
어린이를 둘러싼 환경으로서 가정, 학교, 사회를 들 수 있으며 이들 환경은 모두 어린이의
성장발달에 중요한 교육환경이라고 할 수 있다. 그러나 무엇보다도 가정은 어린이의 최초의
생활 및 학습의 장소로서 또 장래 생활의 기초가 되므로 가장 중요한 환경이다(홍상욱,
1985). 어머니의 양육태도 및 행동이 어린이의 인성발달과 적응에 중요한 변수가 된다는 것은 잘 알려져 있는 바이고(권진현, 1988 윤필수, 1986), 소아정신과에 입원한 일부 환자를 대상으로 그 가족 역동을 조사한 연구에서는 어머니의 양육태도가 과보호, 과잉통제, 지배 등 바람직
하지 못한 경향으로 나타나 있음(흥강의 등,1986)을 미루어보면 자녀의 건강 특히 정서심리
적인 건강유지에는 어머니의 양육태도 및 훈육이 중요하다고 생각된다. 현대가정의 자녀양육 특징은 핵가족화와 적은 수의 자녀로 인해 부모가 자녀를 과보호하고, 부모의 의지대로 되어 주기를 지나치게 기대함으로써 자녀의 자신감 및 자아발달이 결여되고, 의타적인 성격이 되기 쉽다(황혜자, 1984). 특히 하나 자녀 또는 외동 아들을 둔 가정이 늘어나는 사회에서 자녀를 양육하는 어머니의 올바른 가치관은 대가족 제도하에서보다 더욱 중요해졌으며 어머니의 책임이 더 커지게 되었다(이원영, 1985: 이경우와 이은화, 1989).
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To compare the child nurturing attitude of mothers perceived by children with that
perceived by mothers, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 778 child-mother pairs
of the fifth and sixth grades children of an elementary school in Taegu from April 9, 1990 to April 14, 1990. A selfadministered questionnaire developed by Oh Gi-Sun and modified for this study was used for both children and mothers to determine the child nurturing type of mothers.
The proportion of mothers who perceived their attitude desirable was 94.9% while
78.5% of children perceived their mothers’ attitude desirable. The types of maternal
attitude perceived by mothers concurred with the types perceived by children in 76.6%.
The proportion of boys who perceived their mothers’ attitude desirable was 73.0% while
that for the girls was 84.6%. The differential percentages for desirable attitude between
mothers and children and between boys and girls were mainly due to the fact that boys
perceived their mothers’ attitude as protective in 9.1% and dominating in 10.0% while
their mothers perceived their attitude as such in only 4.4% and 1.7%, respectively but
the percentages for the girls were 4.6% and 6.2% while those for their mothers were
1.6% for both protective and dominating.
The percentage for mothers who perceived their attitude desirable was higher among
mothers who lived in a rental room(100.0%) than the mothers in their own house
(94.6%) and in a rental house(93.8%). Such percentage increased as the educational level of mothers decreased (elementary school, 97.2%; college, 80.6%) and increased as the maternal age increased (31-35 years, 89.7%; 46 years and over, 97.8%). However, the
trends of responses of children were exactly the opposite to the mothers’ responses.
In the case of the only child, 26.3% of them perceived their mothers’ attitude as
protective while only 3.7% of the second born children perceived as much.
The first born children perceived their mothers’ attitude as dominating in a higher percentage (11.2%) than the children of other birth orders. The second born children perceived their mothers’ attitude as rejective more (5.2%) than the children of other birth orders. The percentages of children who perceived their mothers as dominating and rejective were higher for the children living in a rental room, for the children of mothers of lower educational level, and for the children of older mothers. Thus, the proportion of mothers who perceived themselves desirable while their children perceived their mothers’ attitude undesirable was higher in such cases as living in a rental room, lower educational level of mothers, and older mothers.
As the proportion of nuclear family with one or two children increases, it is
recommended to strengthen the school and public education to promote a sound sense of
value and child nurturing attitude.
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KeyWords
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Child nurturing attitude types of maternal attitude
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원문 및 링크아웃 정보
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등재저널 정보
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